EDM Umshini Wokudonsa: Izinto Ezintsha Nezithonya Zazo Ekubumbeni

Ukulungisa Amakhiqizo Ama-EDM Die Sinking

Ukusebenza Kwemfana We-Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Die Sinking, okungakusho ngenkxaso yokubonisa sinker EDM, ngokuhlala kwiindlela eyenza imibophelelo yomthwalo ngokusetyenziswa komoya ophakathi. Leli ngeendlela engavalingi lapho kukusetshenziswa ukuba uhlale kumahluko amacandlelano nokuncane okanye izinto ezindaweni ezincedwa ngokwesikhatsi lokusebenzela. Inqwelo yesiphumo sokunyuka kwe-EDM Die Sinking kulandelana nesiphumleni esisodwa nokuhlukeleleyo kwezinye zikamposithi, ngakho ke kube ngenkinga emnyama, umsebenzi wobha, nokusebenzelo.

Imininingi emikhulu kwe EDM die sinking imakhi ehlukene nge amaphrofesi nezilungiselelo ezifanayo, oku kuhluke ngokwesiphumo sokulula esikhwaleleni. Amaphrofesi amade akhawuliwe ngokuthi ziqinile izincwadi ezimbili noma iinkhovelo, zihlabe lokuhlala ukubuyiselwa kwesihlanu esisetyenziswa. Umphrofesi, owuchasheka kwindawo yezilungiselelo, ususa uphawu oluphumeleleyo lwenqanawe lokusetyenziswa ngokufundisa amabili namaphrofesi kunye nokushesha, kodwa kuzama ukulinga amandla ekuphakamisweni. Ngokwemibhalo yokuthuthukisa ezithunyelwe kwi Applied Sciences, "Iindlela zakusebenza kwe EDM, futhi ukuhlala kwe die sinking, uzama phambi komoya wobunzima obumeme ukuba kuhlanganisiwe ngokuphumeleyo kwe amaphrofesi kunye nezilungiselelo ukusetyenziswa" (Qudeiri et al., 2020). Loku kuhlanganisa kufanelela ukuba i EDM isetyenziswa kunye nokugcina amandla amahhwebhu angaphandle kokuthatha umsebenzi omncane.

Ukusuka Kwamatirhali Amane Sintsha Kwisinyeleselo Sokusebenza Komakhi We EDM Die Sinking

Ukukhetha okuthi amathariwuleti angaphakathi kwiseva esikhize ngokupheleleyo kwezinhlobo zokusebenza kwe-EDM Die Sinking, apho akusetyenziswa ngokubandakanya ukunciphisa nokuhlola kwalokho olungaphansi. Ukukhetha kokuthi amathariwuleti angenziwa ngezinto ezincedwayo kanye nezilungiselelo zomthunzi, ezifana nokuba yingxenye yokushayela kwe-EDM uphi. Ngokugcina, ukusetshenziswa komthetho omncane wokushayela njenge-inkunku inikeza umncedisi wokushayela ngokupheleleyo ngezilungiselelo zomthunzi nezingxenye zokuthengiselo. Okunqinisekiswa, ukukhetha kokuthi amathariwuleti asicabango sokudala asikuyenza ukuhlaba nokulamba, ungene ukususa umncedisi nokuhlola kwalokho olungaphansi nokubandakanya kwamakhompondo azisetshenziswa.

Ukufakamukela kwezilungiselelo ezikhethiwe ngokulandelana ngezicatshulwa ezisetyenziswa kwiiphroceshi zoku-Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) sezithathe izinkinga kunye neziqhalo lokugcina amagama okusebenza nokuthi kuhluke ukuphatha nokuziphatha okunxibeleleyo. Ngokwesobunxebo, amacatshulwa omphumelelwe angu-graphite kunye ne-copper ayithathelwa ngokubonisa abalimi abo abaphakathi ngezinto zabo ezingazimfanelo ngokusebenza ngokungabhedekileyo yezinye izinto. Kodwa, amacatshulwa amahusha amaningi esetshenziswa njenge-advanced graphite composites kunye nemetalz ehlanganiswe, abadabala ubulawulo oluningi. Amacatshulwa amahusha amaningi akhetha amandla okuningi. Lezi zicatshulwa ezintsha zifundisele amandla amakhulu amanye amasiko, futhi zihluke iimeya ezindalekayo kunye nezikhatsi ezishumi zokuprosessa, ngakho ke zingabheka amagama. Ngalokho, idatha elitshe yi-recent ifaka ukuthi ukuze usebenze amacatshulwa amancane amaningi kakhulu, kuhluke ukuphatha kakhulu ngokushesha ngemvume we-15%, ngokwesikhatsi sokuqala somncane osophuleyo.

Izibalo zethu zibeza ukuhlulwa okukhona kwezinhlobo ezifanekeseni ezinamandla ezintsha zomateriali kwi-EDM. Isibalo esisetyenziswa ngokubonisa phakathi komateriali yobungako oluhle kunoma olunempumelelo lwangaphakathi, wabelana ngekhahleleni lwenqaku kanye nokusho kakhulu lokusebenza. Iimateriali ezinempumelelo lwangaphakathi wahluleka ukukhahlela okungakho 27 VDI, xa kukho iimateriali ezinempumelelo zoluhle zingabizwa 31 VDI, eziphathelene nokuhlola okuthile. Ngokuthi, isikhatsi sokuqaleka kwesi-EDM sasuswa ngemvume we-15% xa izimateriali zinempumelelo zwangaphakathi zisetshenziswa, ukubonisa amalungiselelo amahhovisi apha kumaluzi okufanelelwa nokusho kakhulu.

Ukubona Amazwelo Okusho Esikuyindlela Kwamateriali Ye-EDM

Iminye emikhono ezintsha kwi-materiali le-EDM yalayishwa ngokulandelwa kwezinto ezimbili zokusetyenziswa, ukuhlawulelwa no-graphite composites kunye noligaga lokusetyenziswa. Izimo eziqondisi ziyafuneka kakhulu kwi-EDM izicatshulwa ngamandla yakhe okanye nokuthi zihlabelele amandla amaphandle kwesikhashana sokudibanisa nokuhlola kwehlobo elibonakalayo we-sayithini. U-graphite composites ubuyekeza amandla amaphandle kwesikhashana nokuhlola kwehlobo elibonakalayo, ukuba kuhle kakhulu kwi-EDM esiqinisekileyo. Ngokugcineneyo, iligaga lokusetyenziswa libuyekeza umkhondo womoya wokubhukuda nokuphumelela, ukususa uphawu lwenqanawe kunye nokungaphandle komoya olufaneleleyo.

Ukusondezwa kwezicatshulenti ezijikiwe ngomoya kwi-EDM uyithandela amalungiselelo okuthile kwindawo yokusebenza, ukhuphe ukusetyenziswa kwesitolo, ukuhluphekiswa okukhulu kwezinto eziqapheleleyo nokuhluphekiswa okuhlu kweelektrisithi. Amalungiselelo apha akwazi ukuba ngenkinga kokuthi imibuzo yezimpahla zikhuliswe ngokubona nokuthi zihlabelele ngokukhulu. Ngokushesha, iimixhobo ze-copper ezinomsindo ezifanekiso zizoba neentsha kwezinto eziziphathelene namakhono amaphathelene, lokhu kuyenza ukuphumelela ukusuka kweheat nokuhluphekiswa okuhlu kwezindawo ezidingekayo. Izindlela ezilindeleyo zikhona kuhlu kudingeka lokhu kwiimbuzo eminingi esebenzayo kwi-EDM.

Amahle okugcinwa kwenze kule ndawo ngokwesiphumo esiqinileyo kunye nema-case studies. Ngokubanzi, ukudlula kwezindlela zokuqala ezifanekiso kuhluke amagama akhuphi eziqhutywayo ezisebenziswayo ezintathu ezithetha ukuba kuhluke izidingo zokuthiwa amanye amagama nokulandelayo komoya kakhulu ngokubonakalisi nekufakelwa kokuthiwa umthwalo olungaphansi kunye namagama amadalu. Abahlamayela basezindaweni bazibona amahle okugcinwa kwenze kule ndawo, ebizame ukuthatha ukuhlonipha nokusetshenziswa kwezinye izigama ezinhlanganekayo ezisebenziswayo ezintathu ezisebenza edlule. Ngakho ke, ukusuka kwemibhalo esetshenziswa ngokusebenza kumthunzi wokuthiwa umoya luchasene ngephakathi lokushaywa nokuhlola kwalokhu.

Izinsuku Ezikhohliweyo Zokuhlola Ukukhangela Izigama Ngesinye Sokuqala Sokuthiwa Umoya

Ukuphumelelwaningi kwezinto ezilondoloziwe ngokwesiphumo somoya kwi-Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) kufuneka kulandelwe, ngokubalulekileyo ngezinye izinto zokuthuthukisa. Izinye ilondoloziwe ngokwesiphumo somoya zikhetha umoya wendlela yokusetyenziswa kwaye okungakho, uhlobo oluhle kwesiphiwo somoya esikhundleni sengxenyeni, ukuze kunezinkinga ezidingayo nokulandelayo. Ngokushesha, i-graphite kunye ne-copper zibe yindlela zakuvamile ekuthathweni lokusebenza ngoba zihlukaniselo kakhulu ngesiphumo somoya, ukusetshenziswa kwe-spark nokuhlukaniswa kwezinto ngokuphelele.

Udlulintleko nokusebenza kwezinto zivari kanye nokuba zifunyanwa kakhulu kwi-EDM iphrozesi. Izinto ezidingayo zithole amandla amahhovu angaphakathi komoya ngokusebenza. Ngokushesha, i-carbide kunye ne-hardened steel, zinikwanele ngokuthi zihlukaniselo kakhulu, zibe yindlela zakuvamile ekuthathweni lokusebenza ngoba zibonisa ngokukhulu ngeminyaka emangazange zihlisele. Lendlulintleko lindawonye ukudliwa kokungabili kanye nokusebenza olungapheli.

Amakhosi kwezindlela nemibuzo esetyenziswayo kweemakhiwethi akhuphele ukukhetha amathathu ngokuvamile neentsingiselo ezikhoyo, njengokubonisa nokuhlola. Ngokulandelayo, njengezweni zezityalo zomphilo oluhlu lweEDM, i-copper-tungsten kunye ne-silver-tungsten zikhuphele kumelwa ngokushesha lokusebenza kunye nokuhlola. Izimvo zakhozo lamanani zihlobene nendlela yokusebenza okufanele nokuthola amalungiselelo angasihle, ukusukela nomphilo okanyeke kanye nokuhlola.

Iizipho neziqondiso kwi-EDM Yokuqhathanisa Ngeamatirhali Okusha

Ngokushesha amaxesha okufaka amaninimane angaphambili kwi-EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining), zingakwazi ukukhulula izinkinga ezifana nezilungiselelo zokusebenza kwezitshatshi. Izinkinga eziqondile zihlaba ngokuba kuhluke kanye nokuphazamayo kwezamaninimane, okucinga ukusetyenziswa kwesitshatshi kunye nokuthi zikwazi ukubheka ngokuphi indawo yokusebenza yezitshatshi. Ngokushesha, iimateriali emagcinwayo njenge-ceramics noma amandla amahlabelelanga akwazi ukusetshenziswa ngezindlela ezidingekileyo, lokucinga ukuthi uzilungiselelo lwezitshatshi uziziba kunye nokuhlala ekugcineni.

Ukukhulula izinkinga eziningi zinakwaziwa ngemigomo engaphezulu. Ukusetha amaparamitha engasetyenziswa, njengokusetha umoya wokudibha kanye nokusha kwesikhatsi lesicabango, ungakwazi ukususa ukusetyenziswa kokusebenza. Ngiya kuso, ukusebenzisa amandla amahlabelelanga, njengokusebenzisa amathixo amahlukeneyo ama-wire ama-tool, ungene ukususa ukusetyenziswa kokusebenza kunye nokuthola ukususa ukusetyenziswa kokusebenza. Amadingezi amahlabelelanga ahlale abantu abangena ngendlela yokusebenza yokunyuka kwezitshatshi.

Imininingi yamathalaza kubonisa ukuthi amaxesha ephakeme ekugcinwe ngokuphi lezi ziqhathanisiwe ngaphandle komagama omtsha kunoma amaxesha amahhovu amaphezulu ahlukene nge-EDM. Ukusebenza okulandelayo kwenze imibizo yokugcina iziqhathanisiwe ezidingekayo ngokushesha i-30% xa kuhlola izicwangciso ezidingekayo [Source: Journal of Advanced Manufacturing and Technology]. Lolu hlobo lokufaka lokunye umkhuhlane wokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kweminye imikhakha nezindlela zokusebenza ukuze kuhluleke izinkinga ezifanekisweyo ezilandelwayo nge-EDM.

Amamazibuko Apha Elandelwayo KweTechnologies Yesi EDM Die Sinking

Iindlela ezifanekiso zokuthuthukisa ezikhululekile kwi- Electric Discharge Machining (EDM), njenge-automation integration nesisthemba esihle sesi-AI, zingahambe ukubonisa amandla amaphathelene kwi-industri. I-automation ingena isenzo sezokuhlala ngasemva kwezinhloso zama-manual, ukuze kuhlanganise umthetho wokusetyenziswa. Ngakwesinye, i-sisthemba sesi-AI sibizwa ngokusheshetsha ukuvavanya nokufinyelela kwezilondolozi, uzokusure khona ukuthi izinto zizotyenziswa kunye nokuthi ikhatsi lehlola kugcine.

Amathari amacabango angahambe ukuba aphathe kulokhu olungakho lokuziphatha kwi-EDM izimo, ngokuphelelelanisa imithombo yokuqinisekisa kunye nezimpawu zokuthengisa ngqukuze lungekhoyo. Lamatari akhawuleza amandla esisodwa kunye nokuchasene ngephandle kwamatari amaqhawekazi, bese bakhi okubhekisisa ukuthi abaningi amandla amanye amakhono angaziphumula amathari amaqhawekazi.

Amathetho amahlula akhetha ukuthi ukuhlawulwa kwe technology yEDM uzoba ukubonisa okukhulu kwiindawo ezikhelekileyo njengezintaba zokugcina ngezindlela zamakhompyutha. Abafuthezi abasebenza njengamaBrian Solis baphrofetha ukuthi isektori singakwaziswa ukuba iye ngamagama angu-6.2% esikhundleni sokuqala, esivamiswe ngesicelo sokusetyenziswa kokuphiwa izinto ezincinci. Le ndlela azibiza indlela elihle lokuqala lokusebenza kwe technology zakho EDM ngokubanzi kwiingxenye ezinikezeli nokuhlola izinkinga nezikhankiso ezifanayo nesintandatho sokunyuzelwa nokufinyelelwa yokuthi ziyongezelele ukukhokha nokuvumela izinkinga ezintsha nokusebenzelo kwesektori.